Flasher for Moving Lights

Flasher for Moving Lights Points : flasher for moving lights For decoration purposes in marriages etc., moving lights are used. The moving effect is usually obtained by means of a flasher, which consists of a wooden cylinder which rotates into the two ball bearings at the two ends. The wooden cylinder is connected to the motor through a belt or a coupling. The speed of the motor and the selection of pulley should he so made that the wooden cylinder rotates at about 100 r.p.m. On the wooden cylinder is provided, a copper ring (to which the live wire is connected and each end of these segments is permanently connected to the copper ring:

The instant Start Circuit of Fluorescent Tube

The instant Start Circuit of Fluorescent Tube Points : the instant start circuit of fluorescent tube The use of instant start for the tube is felt where the tubes are fixed to inaccessible position and where maintenance for the starter and the tube is difficult. For such a circuit an auto-transformer is required, the primary of which is in parallel with the main supply and the secondary is connected to the electrodes of the tube.

Tube Circuit with Glow Signing Switch

Tube Circuit with Glow Signing Switch Points : tube circuit with glow signing switch In Fig. when the switch S is dosed, the fall voltage is applied across the starter bimetallic strips and the normal supply voltage is sufficient to start a glow across the starter terminals, i.e., for that period for which the glow persists, the tube cathodes are short circuited and are heated up. At the same time, the glow across the bimetallic strips heat them up and so they are bent and the glow disappears, i.e. the circuit breaks. This sudden interruption of the current in the inductive circuits causes high voltage to appear across the tube electrodes ‘which is sufficient to start the discharge in the fluorescent tube.

Circuit with a Thermal Starter

Circuit with a Thermal Starter Points : circuit with a thermal starter Fig represents the tube circuit which consists of a choke L, condenser C and a thermal starter. The thermal starter consists of two bimetallic strips and a heater coil H. When no current passes through the heater the bimetallic strips make contact with each other. When the tube is switched on to the mains, the current passes through the choke L, heater H, left electrode of the tube and back to the mains through the right electrode as shown in Fig.

Fluorescent Tube Lighting

Fluorescent Tube Lighting Points : fluorescent tube lighting The fluorescent tubes are usually available in lengths of 0.61 metre and 1.22 metres. The tubes are generally coated from inside with fluorescent materials and the colour of light given out by these tubes depend upon the fluorescent material used. The powder used as a fluorescent material is activated by the ultraviolet rays generated in the tube. The popularity of this tubes in the daily life is due to the reason that total illumination given out by them is much higher than filament lamps they operate at low temperatures and the glare is eliminated.

Circuit for Operation Either Both Lamps in Series Or Both In Parallel Across Main

Circuit for Operation Either Both Lamps in Series Or Both In Parallel Across Main Points : circuit for operation either both lamps in series or both in parallel across main Such a circuit is most useful practically for having a lamp load to be connected across 230 V supply mains as well as for 400 V mains. Since each lamp is for 230 V mains, so when they are to be operated at 400 V. they are connected in series, and for operation at 230 V they must be in parallel. Such a circuit can be obtained with the help of a 2-terminal two-way switch. When the switch is at top making contact with terminals 1 and 2, the lamps are connected in series as shown in Fig. When the switch is moved down making contact with terminals 3 and 4 the lamps are connected in parallel across 220 V mains.

Circuit for Only one particular lamp bright or two lamps in Series

Circuit for Only one particular lamp bright or two lamps in Series Points : circuit for only one particular lamp bright or two lamps in series For such circuit one single-way switch and one ordinary 2-way switch is used. Assume the single-way switch to be in the on-position and the 2-way switch is on the position No.1, then the lamp No.L₁ is fully bright and lamp No.L₂ is out of circuit.

Staircase Wiring or Lamp Circuit Controlled By Two Switches

Staircase Wiring or Lamp Circuit Controlled By Two Switches Points : staircase wiring or lamp circuit controlled by two switches For the lamps to be controlled by two switches, it is necessary two use two-way switches. Fig (a) shows that the lamp is dark. The wires used between the switches are called as strap wires.

In Fig. (b) the lamp is switched on with the switch No. 1, while Fig. (c) represents that the lighted lamp is switched off with switch No.2 and in Fig (d) the lamp is again lighted with switch No.1. Thus when the lamp is lighted either of the strap wires carries current.